The Andh tribe is one of the many Scheduled Tribes in India, with a significant presence in the state of Andhra Pradesh. Despite their relatively small population, the Andh people have a rich cultural heritage and unique social structure that distinguish them from other communities. Let's explore the various aspects of the Andh tribe, including their demographics, social organization, and way of life.
According to the 2011 Census, the Andh population in Andhra Pradesh is 315, comprising 165 males and 150 females. The literacy rate among the Andhs is 66.03%, with a total of 208 literates. The Andh tribe is spread across several districts, including:
The Andh tribe is divided into two endogamous groups, Varatali and Khalatali. The Varatali section is considered superior to the Khalatali section, and inter-marriage between these groups is not practiced. Within the tribe, there are numerous exogamous septs or surnames known as Adman, with each Adman serving as an exogamous unit.
Marriage among the Andh is primarily arranged through negotiations, but marriage by intrusion is also prevalent. Widow remarriage is permitted, though a widow cannot marry her deceased husband's brother or any member of his sept. Divorce is permissible within the tribe.
Marathi is the mother tongue of the Andh tribe. Despite being in Andhra Pradesh, the Andhs have retained their linguistic heritage, which is a crucial part of their identity.
The Andh people primarily subsist on agriculture, complemented by agricultural labor. They also rely on the collection of forest produce and fishing for their livelihood. The tribe does not consume beef, adhering to their cultural and dietary practices.
The Andh tribe has retained many of their traditional practices and customs. Their social organization and marriage practices reflect a blend of adherence to tradition and flexibility. The literacy rate indicates a positive trend towards education among the Andhs, which can further empower them to improve their socioeconomic status.
The Andh tribe of Andhra Pradesh, though small in number, showcases a rich cultural tapestry. Their unique social structure, customs, and reliance on agriculture and forest produce are integral to their way of life. Understanding the Andh tribe provides valuable insights into the diverse cultural landscape of Andhra Pradesh and highlights the importance of preserving such unique communities.
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