The Right to Fair and Speedy trial is guaranteed as fundamental right under Article 21 (Right to life and personal liberty) of the Constitution of India, 1950. Delay in justice delivery system infringes this right.
The prolonged process of filling judicial vacancies exacerbates the backlog issue, as highlighted by the Law Commission of India's Report No. 245.
Due to various factors such as lack of judges, lengthy trials, and judicial inefficiencies, the rate of case filing exceeds the rate of case resolutions, contributing significantly to the backlog.
The misuse of Public Interest Litigations (PILs) for personal gain or to clog the judicial system further contributes to the backlog.
Multiple layers of appeals contribute to the backlog, with cases often moving from lower courts to higher courts, prolonging resolution times unnecessarily.
Cumbersome legal procedures and delays in court hearings further contribute to the problem of pending cases, affecting timely justice delivery.
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